Ndondomeko ya CNC

Mawu akuti CNC amaimira "kuwongolera manambala apakompyuta," ndipo makina a CNC amatanthauzidwa ngati njira yopangira zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera makompyuta ndi zida zamakina kuti achotse zigawo zazinthu pamtengo (wotchedwa chopanda kanthu kapena chogwirira ntchito) ndikupanga mwambo- gawo lopangidwa.

Njirayi imagwira ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zitsulo, pulasitiki, matabwa, galasi, thovu ndi ma composite, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, monga makina akuluakulu a CNC ndi CNC kumaliza kwa mbali zamlengalenga.

Makhalidwe a CNC Machining

01. Madigiri apamwamba a automation komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kwambiri. Kupatula kukakamiza kopanda kanthu, njira zina zonse zogwirira ntchito zitha kumalizidwa ndi zida zamakina a CNC. Ngati kuphatikizidwa ndi kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa zokha, ndi gawo lofunikira la fakitale yopanda anthu.

Kukonzekera kwa CNC kumachepetsa ntchito ya wogwiritsa ntchito, kumapangitsa malo ogwirira ntchito, kumathetsa kuyika chizindikiro, kuwongolera kangapo ndikuyika, kuyang'anira ndi njira zina ndi ntchito zina zothandizira, ndikuwongolera bwino kupanga.

02. Kusintha kwa CNC kukonza zinthu. Pamene kusintha processing chinthu, kuwonjezera pa kusintha chida ndi kuthetsa akusowekapo clamping njira, kokha reprogramming chofunika popanda kusintha zina zovuta, amene afupikitsa kupanga mkombero kukonzekera.

03. High processing mwatsatanetsatane ndi khalidwe khola. The processing dimensional kulondola kuli pakati pa d0.005-0.01mm, zomwe sizimakhudzidwa ndi zovuta za zigawozo, chifukwa ntchito zambiri zimamalizidwa ndi makina. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa magawo a batch kumachulukitsidwa, ndipo zida zowunikira malo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazida zamakina zoyendetsedwa bwino. , kupititsa patsogolo kulondola kwa makina a CNC olondola.

04. CNC processing ali makhalidwe awiri: choyamba, akhoza kwambiri kusintha processing olondola, kuphatikizapo processing khalidwe lolondola ndi processing nthawi zolakwa zolondola; chachiwiri, repeatability wa khalidwe processing akhoza kukhazikika processing khalidwe ndi kukhalabe khalidwe la mbali kukonzedwa.

CNC Machining luso ndi ntchito kukula:

Osiyana processing njira akhoza kusankhidwa malinga ndi zinthu ndi zofunika Machining workpiece. Kumvetsetsa njira zodziwika bwino zamakina ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito kungatilole kupeza njira yoyenera kwambiri yopangira gawo.

Kutembenuka

Njira yopangira magawo pogwiritsa ntchito lathes imatchedwa kutembenuka. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zokhotakhota, malo ozungulira amathanso kukonzedwa panthawi ya chakudya chodutsa. Kutembenuza kumathanso kukonza ulusi, ndege zomaliza, ma eccentric shafts, ndi zina.

Kutembenuka kolondola nthawi zambiri kumakhala IT11-IT6, ndipo kuuma kwapamtunda ndi 12.5-0.8μm. Pakutembenuka kwabwino, imatha kufikira IT6-IT5, ndipo roughness imatha kufika 0.4-0.1μm. Zokolola za kutembenuza processing ndizokwera kwambiri, kudula kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo zida ndizosavuta.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: mabowo apakati, kubowola, kubwezeretsanso, kugogoda, kutembenuka kwa cylindrical, kupotoza, kutembenukira kumapeto, ma grooves, kutembenuka kopangidwa, kutembenuza malo, kupindika, kupindika, ndi kutembenuza ulusi.

Kugaya

Kugaya ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito chida chozungulira chamitundu yambiri (chodulira mphero) pamakina opangira mphero kuti agwiritse ntchito. Kuyenda kwakukulu kodula ndiko kuzungulira kwa chida. Malinga ngati waukulu kayendedwe liwiro malangizo pa mphero ndi chimodzimodzi kapena zotsutsana ndi chakudya malangizo workpiece, iwo anawagawa pansi mphero ndi kukwera mphero.

(1) Kugwa pansi

The yopingasa chigawo chimodzi cha mphamvu mphero ndi chimodzimodzi chakudya malangizo workpiece. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusiyana pakati pa wononga chakudya cha tebulo la workpiece ndi mtedza wokhazikika. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yodulira imatha kupangitsa kuti chogwirira ntchito ndi chogwirira ntchito zipitirire limodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuchuluke mwadzidzidzi. Onjezani, kuyambitsa mipeni.

(2) Mphero yamagetsi

Ikhoza kupewa kusuntha komwe kumachitika panthawi ya mphero. Pa mphero, makulidwe odulira amawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku ziro, kotero kuti m'mphepete mwake mumayamba kukumana ndi siteji yofinya ndikutsetsereka pamakina owumitsidwa, ndikufulumizitsa kuvala kwa zida.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: Kugaya ndege, mphero, mphero, kupanga mphero pamwamba, mphero ya spiral groove, mphero yamagetsi, kudula

Kukonzekera

Kukonza mapulani nthawi zambiri kumatanthawuza njira yopangira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito pulani kuti ipangitse kusuntha kwa mzere wolumikizana ndi chogwirira ntchito pa pulani kuchotsa zinthu zochulukirapo.

Kulondola kwa planing kumatha kufika IT8-IT7, kuuma kwapamtunda ndi Ra6.3-1.6μm, flatness planing imatha kufika 0.02/1000, ndipo kuuma kwapansi ndi 0.8-0.4μm, komwe kuli kopambana pakukonza ma castings akulu.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: kukonza malo athyathyathya, kuyika malo oyimirira, kuyika masitepe, kuyika mizere yolowera kumanja, ma bevel, ma groove ozungulira, ma groove ooneka ngati D, mizati yooneka ngati V, malo opindika, kukonza makiyi m'mabowo, kupanga poyimitsa, planing yophatikizika pamwamba

Kupera

Kupera ndi njira yodulira chopukusira pamwamba pa chopukusira pogwiritsa ntchito gudumu lolimba kwambiri lopangira (gudumu lopukuta) ngati chida. Kusuntha kwakukulu ndiko kuzungulira kwa gudumu lopera.

Kulondola kwakupera kumatha kufika IT6-IT4, ndipo kuuma kwapamtunda Ra kumatha kufika 1.25-0.01μm, kapena 0.1-0.008μm. Chinthu chinanso cha kugaya ndi chakuti chimatha kukonza zitsulo zolimba, zomwe zimakhala za kukula kwa kumaliza, choncho nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lomaliza. Malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, akupera akhoza kugawidwa mu cylindrical akupera, mkati dzenje akupera, lathyathyathya akupera, etc.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: cylindrical akupera, mkati mwa cylindrical akupera, pamwamba akupera, mawonekedwe akupera, ulusi akupera, gear akupera

Kubowola

Njira yopangira mabowo osiyanasiyana amkati pamakina obowola imatchedwa kubowola ndipo ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yopangira dzenje.

Kubowola mwatsatanetsatane ndikotsika, nthawi zambiri IT12~IT11, ndipo kuuma kwapamwamba kumakhala Ra5.0 ~ 6.3um. Pambuyo pobowola, kukulitsa ndi kubwezeretsanso nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pomaliza ndi kumaliza. The reming processing kulondola nthawi zambiri ndi IT9-IT6, ndipo roughness pamwamba ndi Ra1.6-0.4μm.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: kubowola, kubwezeretsanso, kubwezeretsanso, kugogoda, mabowo a strontium, zokatula

Kutopetsa processing

Boring processing ndi njira yopangira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito makina otopetsa kuti akulitse kukula kwa mabowo omwe alipo ndikuwongolera bwino. Kutopetsa kukonzedwa makamaka kumachokera kumayendedwe ozungulira a chida chotopetsa.

Kulondola kwa processing wotopetsa ndikwambiri, nthawi zambiri IT9-IT7, ndipo roughness yapamtunda ndi Ra6.3-0.8mm, koma kupanga bwino kwa ma processing otopetsa ndikotsika.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: kukonza bwino kwambiri dzenje, kutsirizitsa mabowo angapo

Kukonza mano pamwamba

Gear dzino pamwamba processing njira akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: kupanga njira ndi m'badwo njira.

Chida chamakina chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza dzino pamadzi ndi njira yopangira nthawi zambiri chimakhala makina wamba amphero, ndipo chidacho ndi chodulira chopangira mphero, chomwe chimafuna mayendedwe awiri osavuta: kusuntha kozungulira ndi kusuntha kwa mzere wa chida. Zida zamakina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza malo opangira mano ndi njira yopangira zida ndi makina opangira zida, makina opangira zida, ndi zina zambiri.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: magiya, etc.

Complex pamwamba processing

Kudula kwa mawonekedwe atatu opindika makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito mphero ndi njira za CNC mphero kapena njira zapadera zopangira.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: zigawo zokhala ndi zovuta zokhotakhota

EDM

Makina otulutsa magetsi amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumapangidwa ndi kutulutsa pompopompo pakati pa ma elekitirodi a chida ndi ma elekitirodi a workpiece kuti awononge zinthu zam'mwamba za workpiece kuti akwaniritse makina.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito:

① Kukonza zinthu zolimba, zolimba, zolimba, zofewa komanso zosungunuka kwambiri;

②Kukonza zida za semiconductor ndi zinthu zosagwiritsa ntchito;

③Kukonza mabowo amitundu yosiyanasiyana, mabowo opindika ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono;

④Kukonza zibowo zamitundu itatu yokhotakhota, monga zipinda za nkhungu zomangira, zisankho zakufa, ndi pulasitiki;

⑤ Amagwiritsidwa ntchito podula, kudula, kulimbikitsa pamwamba, kuzokota, kusindikiza zilembo ndi zolemba, ndi zina.

Electrochemical Machining

Electrochemical Machining ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya electrochemical ya kusungunuka kwachitsulo mu electrolyte kuti ipange chogwirira ntchito.

Chogwirira ntchito chimalumikizidwa ndi mtengo wabwino wamagetsi a DC, chidacho chimalumikizidwa ndi mtengo woyipa, ndipo kusiyana kochepa (0.1mm ~ 0.8mm) kumasungidwa pakati pamitengo iwiri. Electrolyte yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwina (0.5MPa ~ 2.5MPa) imadutsa pampata pakati pa mitengo iwiri pa liwiro lalikulu (15m/s~60m/s).

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: maenje opangira, ma cavities, mbiri zovuta, mabowo ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono, kuwombera mfuti, kutulutsa, kujambula, etc.

laser processing

The laser processing wa workpiece anamaliza ndi laser processing makina. Makina opangira laser nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma lasers, zida zamagetsi, makina owoneka bwino ndi makina amakina.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: Kujambula kwawaya wa diamondi kumafa, mawonedwe amtengo wapatali, zikopa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zokhomerera mpweya, kukonza dzenje laling'ono la majekeseni a injini, masamba a injini ya aero, ndi zina zotero, ndikudula zida zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo ndi zinthu zopanda zitsulo.

Akupanga processing

Akupanga Machining ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito akupanga pafupipafupi (16KHz ~ 25KHz) kugwedezeka kwa chida kumapeto kwa nkhope kukhudza ma abrasives oimitsidwa mumadzimadzi ogwira ntchito, komanso ma abrasive particles amakhudza ndikupukuta workpiece pamwamba pokonza workpiece.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: zipangizo zovuta kudula

Main ntchito mafakitale

Nthawi zambiri, magawo omwe amakonzedwa ndi CNC amakhala olondola kwambiri, chifukwa chake magawo osinthidwa a CNC amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale otsatirawa:

Zamlengalenga

Zamlengalenga zimafunikira zida zolondola kwambiri komanso zobwerezabwereza, kuphatikiza masamba a turbine mumainjini, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zina, komanso zipinda zoyatsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumainjini a rocket.

Kupanga makina ndi magalimoto

Makampani opanga magalimoto amafunikira kupanga zisankho zolondola kwambiri zopangira zida zoponyera (monga kukwera kwa injini) kapena kupanga zida zololera kwambiri (monga ma pistoni). Makina amtundu wa gantry amaponya ma module adongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga gawo lagalimoto.

Makampani ankhondo

Makampani a usilikali amagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zolondola kwambiri zokhala ndi zofunikira zololera, kuphatikizapo zida za missile, migolo yamfuti, ndi zina zotero. Zida zonse zamakina mumakampani ankhondo zimapindula ndi kulondola komanso kuthamanga kwa makina a CNC.

zachipatala

Zipangizo zachipatala zoyikidwa m'thupi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwira kuti zigwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a ziwalo zaumunthu ndipo ziyenera kupangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zapamwamba. Popeza palibe makina amanja amatha kupanga mawonekedwe otere, makina a CNC amakhala chofunikira.

mphamvu

Makampani opanga mphamvu amakhudza mbali zonse za uinjiniya, kuyambira ma turbine a nthunzi mpaka matekinoloje apamwamba kwambiri monga nyukiliya fusion. Ma turbine a nthunzi amafunikira masamba olondola kwambiri kuti asungike bwino mu turbine. Maonekedwe a R&D plasma kupondereza patsekeke mu maphatikizidwe nyukiliya ndi zovuta kwambiri, zopangidwa ndi zipangizo zapamwamba, ndipo amafuna thandizo la makina CNC.

Kukonzekera kwamakina kwapangidwa mpaka lero, ndipo potsatira kusintha kwa msika, njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito zatengedwa. Mukasankha makina opangira, mutha kuganizira zambiri: kuphatikiza mawonekedwe amtundu wa workpiece, kulondola kwazithunzi, kulondola kwamalo, kuuma kwapamwamba, ndi zina zambiri.

Pokhapokha posankha njira yoyenera kwambiri yomwe tingathe kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ndi yabwino komanso yoyendetsera ntchitoyo ndi ndalama zochepa, ndikukulitsa phindu lomwe lapangidwa.